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CLASSIFICATIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS
Plant Division
Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
Plant Growth Form
Tree (Small (6m-15m))
Lifespan (in Singapore)
Perennial
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
Maximum Height
10 m to 12 m
Maximum Plant Spread / Crown Width
6 m
BIOGEOGRAPHY
Native Distribution
West Indies
Preferred Climate Zone
Tropical
DESCRIPTION AND ETHNOBOTANY
Others - Plant Morphology
Small and dioecious evergreen tree, deciduous in countries with cooler climate. Leaves up to 20 cm by 10 cm, attached to orange-yellow petioles, green but turns orange when aged and drop off. Branches generally tetragonal, giving rise to synonym species epithet ‘quadrangulare’. Flowers unisexual, up to 30cm long in racemes, usually terminal and drooping. Fruits globose - shaped, red or orange when immature, turns black when ripe. Often grown for aesthetic purposes due to orangey appearance when leaves age. Fragrant flowers and fast growing also make it popular as a roadside tree. Genus name ‘Citharexylum’ originated from Greek kithara and xylon, meaning lyre or fiddle and wood respectively. Common name fiddlewood derived from the use of the wood for musical instruments.
Ethnobotanical Uses
[Others]: Fiddlewood used to make sounding boards for musical instruments and cabinets.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Desirable Plant Features
Fragrant (Flowers) (Day)
Plant Rootzone Preference - Tolerance
Well-Drained Soils
Landscape Uses
Roadside Tree / Palm, General, Coastal
Thematic Landscaping
Fragrant / Aromatherapy Garden
Usage Hazard - Cons
Toxic Upon Ingestion, Invasive / Potentially Invasive
Plant Rootzone Preference or Tolerance Remarks
Prefers soil enriched in organic matter.
FAUNA, POLLINATION AND DISPERSAL
Fauna Pollination Dispersal Associated Fauna
Bird Attracting, Bee-Attracting
Seed or Spore Dispersal
Biotic (Fauna)
PLANT CARE AND PROPAGATION
Light Preference
Full Sun
Water Preference
Moderate Water
Plant Growth Rate
Fast to Moderate
Maintenance Requirements
Low
Propagation Method
Seed, Stem Cutting
FOLIAR
Foliage Retention
Evergreen
Mature Foliage Colour(s)
Green, Orange
Foliar Type
Simple / Unifoliate
Foliar Shape(s)
Non-Palm Foliage (Elliptical)
Foliar Venation
Pinnate / Net
Foliar Margin
Entire
Typical Foliar Area
Macrophyll ( 182.25cm2 - 1640.25 cm2 )
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio
3.0 (Tree - Intermediate Canopy)
NON - FOLIAR AND STORAGE
Trunk Type (Non Palm)
Woody
Mature Bark Texture
Fissured
Stem Type Modification
Woody
FLORAL (ANGIOSPERM)
Flower Plant Sexuality 1
Unisexual Flowers
Flower Plant Sexuality 2
Dioecious
Flower Colour(s)
White
Inflorescence Type
Raceme
Flowering Habit
Polycarpic
